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TILs: Guardians of the Immune Response in Solid Tumors and Breakthroughs in Cancer Therapy

NextEdge Admin

16 Nov 2023

3 min 3 sec

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are a type of immune cell that can be found within the tumor microenvironment of solid tumors. These lymphocytes play a crucial role in the body’s immune response against cancer. The presence and activity of TILs can have significant implications for the prognosis and treatment of patients with solid tumors.

TILs are primarily composed of T cells, which are a type of white blood cell involved in the immune system’s defense against pathogens, including cancer cells. These T cells can recognize and target cancer cells, working to eliminate them from the body.

Researchers and oncologists often study TILs to better understand the immune response to tumors and to develop immunotherapies that harness the body’s immune system to fight cancer. Strategies such as adoptive cell therapy (ACT) involve isolating TILs from a patient’s tumor, expanding their numbers in the laboratory, and then reinfusing them back into the patient. This approach has shown promising results in certain types of cancer, particularly melanoma.

The assessment of TILs in the tumor microenvironment is also used as a biomarker to predict the likelihood of a positive response to immunotherapy. High levels of TILs are generally associated with a more favorable prognosis, as they indicate a robust immune response against the tumor.

It’s important to note that the role of TILs can vary between different types of cancers, and ongoing research is focused on understanding the specific interactions between TILs and tumors to develop more effective and targeted immunotherapies.

Recently the Food and Drug Administration achieved a significant milestone by granting accelerated approval to Iovance Biotherapeutics’ melanoma therapy Amtagvi, marking the first-ever approval for Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs). This development is considered a breakthrough, opening the door for a burgeoning pipeline of TIL candidates that hold the potential to be used in the treatment of various other types of cancers.